Twenty years after constitutional amendment, devolution of powers to local bodies remains India’s greatest forsaken governance opportunity

The central government’s Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission introduced conditionalities that mandated states to energise their urban local governments by setting up institutions for people’s participation in urban governance. Photo: Mint
When India liberalized its economy in the early 1990s, it also amended its constitution to provide for decentralized elected local governments. Sadly, 20 years later, devolution of powers to panchayats, municipalities and city corporations remains India’s greatest forsaken governance opportunity.
There is one glaring flaw in the 74th amendment, which deals with urban local governments, compared with their rural counterparts. In rural areas, every voter automatically becomes a member of the constitutionally mandated
gram sabha, the primary citizens’ participation forum in governance. There is no institution on the urban side comparable to the
gram sabha. The 74th amendment mandates the creation of wards committees, but leaves it to the states to determine their composition. Most states have not constituted these committees, a long-standing violation of the constitutional mandate. Where they have been constituted, they are typically formed through nominations, usually of favourites of the local councillor or member of the legislative assembly.
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Source : www.livemint.com
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